These vapors spew out very fast, making an incision in the material at the same time as the vapor. Did fiber (I think that is fiber optic cable) replace mirrors in laser box? Low purity nitrogen can lead to yellowing of the cutting surface and lower brightness. While the oxygen reaction heat is used to increase the cutting efficiency, the resulting oxide film increases the beam spectral absorption factor of the reflective material. Its purity requirement is generally 99.95% or higher. C: Cutting height How to Check The Paint Color Difference of The Product? Thanks. Generally, nitrogen or dry air can be used as an auxiliary gas. First of all,laser light can be converted into amazing thermal energy in a very small area, which can provide: (2) The smallest thermal impact zone adjacent cutting edge; Second,the laser beam does not exert any force on the workpiece. When cutting aluminum alloy, the focal position is close to the lower surface of the plate. The laser cutting process has low noise, small vibration and no pollution. When cutting stainless steel, the required purity of nitrogen is generally higher than 99.999%. Just missed a little section about piercing but still this is the best there is!! Laser cutting equipment costs high, which means a high one-time investment. When cutting the 2mm stainless steel sample in below FIG, the focus position is about 0.8 ~ 1.2mm below the surface of the plate. The main content of this cutting process is: The laser beam heats the small area of the brittle material, causing the large thermal gradient and serious mechanical deformation in the region, causing the material to crack. The laser cutting performance of various materials is shown in the following tablewhen using a CO2 laser source. Laser fusion cutting is mainly used for the cutting of non-oxidizable materials or active metals, such as stainless steel, titanium, aluminum and alloys. Due to oxidation produced a large amount of heat in the process of cutting, so the energy needed of laser oxygen cutting is just 1/2 of molt cutting, and cutting speed is more than laser vaporization cutting and melting cutting. During the cutting process, due to the uneven surface of the material, the focal position of the laser will change, thus affecting the cutting quality. Due to the transmission characteristics of the laser, the laser cutting machine is generally equipped with multiple numerical control worktables, and the entire cutting process can realize numerical control. Hi and thanks for the comprehensive article, I had a question regarding the ability to cut a thin slot in a given thickness of material i this instance stainless steel 4mm. The material does not need to be clamped and fixed during laser cutting, which saves the fixture and saves the auxiliary time of loading and unloading. The main applicable materials are aluminum, stainless copper, brass, electroplated steel sheet, non-metal and so on. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); With over 20 years of experience in metalworking and mechanical engineering, we're dedicated to providing top edge machinery, expert consultation, quality customer service to you so as to help you get more out of your metal! (1) the surface of the material is heated to the point of ignition rapidly under the irradiation of the laser beam, and with the intense combustion reaction with oxygen, a large amount of heat is released. Generally speaking, the larger the laser power, the thicker the cutting board and the faster-cutting speed. When cutting flammable materials such as cotton, paper, the inert gas is been used. Its in high precision, better than plasma cutting. In general, many gases are versatile. For brittle materials prone to heat damage, high speed and controllable cutting through laser beam heating are called controlled fracturing cutting. The sheet cutting speed is 2 ~ 4 times of CO2. The laser cutting incision is narrow, the slits are parallel and perpendicular to the surface, and the dimensional accuracy of the cutting parts can reach 0.05mm. ! It is obvious that using oxygen as an auxiliary gas can achieve high cutting speed compared with the inert gas. When cutting with oxygen, the cutting surface is rough and hard. Thanks a lot for sharing and for the work you have put into it. The purity of oxygen is generally higher than 99.5%. At the same time, it has a better cutting effect for high reflective material such as aluminum alloy, copper, copper and various copper alloys. Ceramic, quartz glass, asbestos, mica, porcelain, Wavelength frequency determination, good monochrome, Good directionality, its almost a bunch of parallel light, The core component adjusts the curvature of the lens surface by water pressure, thereby changing the divergence angle of the laser beam, and finally adjusting the. When cutting plastics such as polypropylene, compressed air is been used. This post might be helpful for you: https://www.machinemfg.com/factors-closely-related-to-laser-cutting/. However, when oxygenated, a thin oxide film is formed on the cutting surface. 3) airflow The cutting material is low carbon steel platewith 6.2mm thickness. 4) the line After laser cutting, the thermal effect area is very small. The cutting quality of the laser cutting machine is an important standard to judge whether the cutting machine is qualified. (3) Combined with the computer, the whole plate can be arranged to save material. If low-speed processing is used, the thin plate can be cut, and metals such as single Ti and Zr need to use air as the auxiliary gas. As the cutting speed decreases, the slit width will increase. The cutting speed of the cutting system has exceeded 100m/min. I need to send you image of one my idea how to improve laser. It is also not easy to achieve success by cutting a very large and closed shape. This is a must read for any fiber laser technician/operator. The coating oil film on the surface of the plate will get better perforation effect without reducing the processing quality. The working environment of the operator has been greatly improved. (In Depth Interpretation), User Manual of Metal Laser Cutting Machine, How to Choose Fiber Laser Cutting Machine? In practical applications, the height of the focus varies with the material and the cutting machine. B: Puncture height For example, cutting 12mm stainless steel requires 150m3/h, while cutting 3mm requires only 50m3/h. A new area of application in recent years is the oil screen seam pipe. The principle of laser oxygen cutting is similar to that of oxyacetylene cutting. Using a laser beam with high energy density to heat the workpiece, the temperature rises rapidly, reaching the boiling point of the material in a very short period of time, and the material begins to vaporize and form vapor. Which auxiliary gas should be selected for different plates? In recent years, optical fiber laser cutting machine has been widely used to make metal laser cutting more convenient and efficient. It uses the laser as the preheating source and uses the oxygen and other active gases as the cutting gas. (2) Because there is no restriction on the cutting workpiece, the laser beam has infinite copy cutting ability. It is important to note that this controlled fracturing cutting is not suitable for cutting acute angle and arm of angle. Thank you. In this case, the cutting edge will not be oxidized. The best laser cutting machine companies include: Trumpf (Germany), Prima(Italy), Bystronic (Switzerland), Amada (Japan), MAZAK (Japan), NTC (Japan), HGLaserLab (Australia). At the same time with the aid of high-speed airflow which coaxial with the laser beam to blow away molten material, so as to realize the cutting of the workpiece. Fiber Laser cutting equipment is very expensive, but it is still possible to use the device in large production because of the lower cost of subsequent processing. Therefore, there is a feature that it can be directly welded, smeared, and has high corrosion resistance. Based on the characteristics of the gas, such as flammability and combustion, and various attempts, the following experience is obtained. Of course, the oxygen flow rate is not the higher the better, because the fast velocity can lead to the rapid cooling of the metal oxide, which is also detrimental to the cutting quality. Thanks for a good explanation, just sorry i cant write it out for keepers. Pure aluminum is very difficult to cut because of its high purity. We will keep updating useful information to our readers. The metal vapor in the small pit rapidly expands, causing a micro-explosion, and the molten material is ejected at a high speed to generate a highly directional anti-shock wave, so that a holewith a large upper side and a small lower sideis formed on the surface to be processed. The sample in the laser cutting sample FIG was cut with a high purity of 99.99% pure liquid nitrogen, and the gas pressure was 0.8 ~ 1.0mpa. It is a non-contact cutting tool, which means: (1) No mechanical deformation of the workpiece; (2) No tool wear, no tool conversion problem; (3) The cutting material does not need to consider its hardness, that is, the laser cutting ability is not affected by the hardness of the cutting material, and any material with hardness can be cut. That is to say, in the case where the processing power, the material, and the thickness of the sheet are the same, the larger the gas pressure, the more smoke dustthat can be blown off at the unit speed. It requires a slot with a width of 0.7-0.8mm on a wooden plate of 20mm thickness and inserts a blade in the slot. Most organic and inorganic materials can be cut by laser. Brass with a thickness of 1mm can be cut with nitrogen. The metal around the spots melts due to thermal diffusion. Further increase or decrease in power will result in a burning or slagging defect. In the vaporization process, about 40% of the material is dissolved into steam, while 60% of the material is expelled by the flow in the form of a droplet. 1) lens The amount of air pressure that can be used for various types of auxiliary gases is different. The most widely used typical parts are the die-cutting plate used in the packaging and printing industry. We will write this topic later, so stay tuned. The flow rate varies depending on the type of nozzle, but generally it is large. The laser beam focuses on a small point of light, which makes the focal point reach a high power density. At this time, the NC system can reduce the cutting power according to the actual cutting speed, and can get excellent cutting precision and sectional quality. When the optimum cutting speed is reached, the surface roughness of the cutting section is the minimum. It seems that you have tried various plates, with various gases, various air pressures, different powers, etc and then it seems that youre still very confused about it. The cutting speed shows the parabolic relationship with the surface roughness of the cutting section. Therefore, the higher the air pressure value used, the faster the laser cutting speed can be. Volkswagen AG uses a 500W laser to cut complex body sheets and various curved parts. The materials that can be cut by a laser cutting machine including metal matrix composites, leather, wood and fiber. During operation, it is only necessary to change the numerical control program to apply the cutting of different shapes of parts, which can perform two-dimensional cutting and three-dimensional cutting. The properties of the material near the slit are also almost unaffected. Glass, ceramics, porcelain, etc. Copper and brass are cut only when there is a reflective absorption device installed on the system, otherwise, the reflection will destroy the optical components. Because the laser light spot is small, the energy density is high, the cutting speed is fast, so the laser cutting can obtain better cutting quality. 5) molten material When oxygen is used as a processing gas, the cutting edge is slightly oxidized. The high-quality laser beam, laser energy can achieve stepless regulation. The proportional relationship between the above mentioned three gas is: Fiber Laser cutting is a hot cutting method which makes use of the focused high power density laser beam as the main heat source to illuminate the workpiece, cause the irradiation materials rapidly melting, evaporation and ablation or reach the ignition point. In addition to the above application, the application is also expanded to: 13D laser cutting system or industrial robot is used to cut the space curve. For many mechanical and electrical manufacturing industry, due to modern laser cutting system controlled by the microcomputer program can easily cut workpieces in different shapes and sizes, it often is preferable than blanking, mold forming process; Although its processing speed is still slower than the die punch, it has no mold consumption, no need to repair the mold, and also saves the time of replacing the mold, thus saving the processing cost and reducing the production cost. ! Under certain plate thickness and cutting speed, there is an optimal range of laser power. 7) nozzle On top of that we face the inaccuracy represented by the measurement instruments, where cheap might show huge differences far away from true values. Most materials can be cut with a small power laser. Both materials have high reflectivity and very good thermal conductivity. The auxiliary gas can prevent slag from returning during the cutting process, thereby protecting the internal lens of the laser head. Glad to hear that. 2Various special cutting systems, material conveying systems, linear motor drive systems are been developed in order to improve production efficiency. It can cut not only materials in high hardness and brittle, such as silicon nitride, ceramics, quartz, etc., but also flexible materials such as cloth, paper, plastic sheets, rubber, etc., such as laser cutting for clothing, which can saving 10 %~12%material and improvingthe efficacy by more than 3 times. Fiber Laser cutting equipment usually adopts device with computerized digital control technology (CNC). The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the fiber laser is about 30%, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the CO2 laser is 6~10%, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of YAG laser is only 3%. The heat of vaporization of materials is usually very large, so the laser vaporization requires a large amount of power and power density. With the mature and perfect technology of high power fiber laser generator in recent years, its application field is expanding continuously, and the fiber laser cutting machine has become the hot spot of industry research and development. Compared with oxyacetylene cutting and plasma cutting, there are many kinds of laser cutting materials, including metal, non-metal, metal base and non-metal matrix composites, leather, wood and fiber. Privacy Policy | Terms and Conditions | Sitemap. The laser processing of different materials requires the use of matching auxiliary gases. In the cutting process, the auxiliary gas suitable for the cut material is added. In order to overcome this phenomenon, placed the high sensitivity of the capacitive sensor on the cutting head, to realize the real-time feedback of the distance information between the nozzle and panel to the CNC system. 8) cutting direction, A: Empty height It can blow the cutting piece be melted and vaporized, can also blow the smoke in the process of cutting, so as to reduces the barriers to cutting the workpiece. Typical products that have been adopted are: automatic elevator structural parts, elevator panel, machine tools and food machinery outer cover, various electric gas cabinets, switchgear, textile machinery parts, construction machinery structural parts, large motor silicon steel sheet, etc. The Ultimate Guide to Fiber Laser Cutting, The Ultimate Guide to Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, What Is Fiber Laser? Since there is no tooling cost, the laser cutting equipment is also suitable for small batches of parts that can not be processed previously. The roughness of the cutting surface is the smallest in this range. Compared with other thermal cutting methods, laser cutting is characterized by high cutting speed and high quality. The good thing is when we have a lot of fun getting the highest possible quality ever, using whatever machine we have at hand. Leather, wood, cloth, rubber, paper, glass, epoxy, phenolic plastic. its very useful for users. It has the characteristics of fast cutting speed and high cutting quality. When using nitrogen, the cutting surface is smooth. Can You please recommend any brands for stand alone laser, based on fiber glass transmission of the light, so that we can equip a CNS machine with it, to cut up to 2 mm thick iron sheets. The thicker the plate thickness, the higher the pressure value of nitrogen work. Laser cutting without burr, wrinkle. thanks for sharing this information. The surface of the cutting surface is clean and beautiful, the surface roughness is only a few tens of microns, even laser cutting can be used as the last procedure, no need machining, the parts can be used directly. I just wonder if my idea is possible. Practice, trial and error could be the only way because every machine is different and the metal composition or chemistry is different from one country to another. Low processing efficiency and increase cost. (3) obviously, there are two heat sources in the process of oxidation melting, namely, laser irradiation and the heat energy produced by the chemical reaction of oxygen and metals. With the relative linear movement of the beam and the material, the hole is continuously formed into a narrow slit. Impurities in the auxiliary gas can damage the lens, causing fluctuations in the cutting power and also causing inconsistencies in the front and backcutting surface. The cutting surface is smooth and beautiful, the surface roughness is only a few tens of micrometers, and even laser cutting can be used as the last process. Acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, PTFE. Use the auxiliary gas to blow away the slag in the coaxial kerf, Cool the surface of the processed object to reduce the heat affected zone, Cool the protective lens to prevent contamination of the lens and cause the protective lens to overheat, Some cutting gases can also protect the base metal. Lets take a closer look. If oxygen purity is not high, and the processed parts have higher surface quality requirements, it is necessary to add oxygen drying and other devices to improve the purity of oxygen. At this point, the heat input of the beam is far more than the part of the material reflected, transmitted or diffused. Its main control parameters are laser power and spot size. For example, the laser cutter with 2KW laser power been adopted, the cutting speed of carbon steel with 8mm thickness is 1.6m/min. Laser oxygen cutting is mainly used in carbon steel, titanium steel and heat treatment steel and other easy oxidized metal materials. Only when the system is equipped with reflective absorption device can the aluminum be cut, otherwise the optical component will be destroyed by reflection. In the process of vaporization, the steam takes away the melting point and scour debris, forming holes. ! You can also check out the TOP 15 Laser Cutting Machine Manufacturers in the world. The laser cutting incisions are narrow, and the cutting edges are parallel and perpendicular to the surface. The cutting speed of the controlled fracturing cutting is fast and does not require too much power, otherwise, it will cause the surface of the workpiece to melt and break the edge of the cutting. Under this heat, the material is formed by a small hole filled with steam, surrounded by molten metal walls. The main function is to help burn and blow off the cut melt. The end of the slit is black or dark yellow. The size accuracy of the cutting parts can be up to + 0.05mm. As long as the balanced heating gradient is maintained, the laser beam can guide the cracks in any desired direction. Required fields are marked *. Such as the pattern of an art photograph album, Chinese and English fonts of the company, government department, the hotel, the shop sign, the station, the pier, the public place. Auxiliary gas plays a very important role in laser cutting. Best regards, Your email address will not be published. Hi , kts the best article i read so far and it was a great help of understanding whole process and the machinery , but one simple request, is there any possible way of an article that explains how to better understand the parameters of laser cutting and how to manipulate them in case of a not so clean cut or a problem with the cut itself? Laser cutting can achieve better cutting quality due to the small laser spot, high energy density and fast cutting speed. The worlds first laser cutting machine was born in the 1970s. Cutting low carbon steel plate generally USES oxygen. In operation, the cutting of different shape parts can be applied only by changing the NC program, which can be cut in 2D as well as 3D. This is why we use nitrogen when cutting thin sheets. Due to restricted by laser power and equipment volume, the laser cutter can only cut the small thickness of plate and pipe material, and with the increase of workpiece thickness, the cutting speed decreases significantly. ! If you want to cut stainless steel of 12mm, or thicker to25mm, the pressure is required to be 2Mpa or higher. Develop various 3d cutting software to accelerate the process from drawing to cutting parts. It ensured the cutting quality consistency throughout the cutting width, especially suitable for large-format laser processing system; The beam of optical fiber laser transmit along the optical fiber, without external reflected light path system, saving the cost of reflection lens, the organ shield, without external optical path adjustment, avoid the light path pollution by dirt, but also reduce the weight of the moving parts; The wavelength of the optical fiber laser is 1.06m, is more easily absorbed by the metal material compared with the wavelength of CO2 which is 10.6 m and is especially beneficial for sheet metal cutting. Oxygen can be used when the cutting edge oxidization is acceptable. I do a lot of thinking, reading, and writing around sheet metal fabrication, machining, mechanical engineering, and machine tools for metals. Air can be supplied directly from the air compressor, so it is very cheap compared to other gases. The laser beam is focused to form a very small operating point with strong energy, and it is applied to cutting with many characteristics. (2) combustion material is transferred into slag to control the combustion rate of oxygen and metal, and the speed of oxygen diffusion through the slag to the ignition front has a great impact on the combustion speed. Is the actual focal length position matches the focal length position on the scale. A trace oxide film appears on the cut surface, but it can be used as a measure to prevent the coating layer from falling off. And please give me your e-mail (of thuse who is write this text). However, when the quality requirements of the cut product are high, aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc. Laser cutting forming technology also has a wide range of applications in the field of non-metallic materials. are not suitable for air because the air will oxidize the base material. 6) cutting surface Then, how tochoose an auxiliary gas? Compared with other thermal cutting methods, laser cutting is characterized by fast cutting speed and high cutting quality. The role of oxygen in the cutting process of carbon steel is to fuel and blow off the molten material. Numerous varieties of cutting materials. If the laser beam moves faster than the oxygen, the cut slit is narrow and smooth. Hi, I'm Shanefounder of MachineMfg. N2:The energy generated by the RF generator first excites N2, causing it to be in a transition state. He:Absorb CO2and excess energy, cool the system and turn it into heat. As a sophisticated machining method, laser cutting can cut almost all materials, including 2D or 3D cutting of thin metal sheets. Aerospace components processed by laser cutting include engine flame tube, titanium alloy thin-wall machine, aircraft frame, titanium alloy skin, wing long stern, tail siding, helicopter main rotor, space shuttle ceramic heat insulation tile, etc. Laser vaporization is used to cut thin metal materials and non-metallic materials (such as paper, cloth, wood, plastic and rubber, etc.). hi, 2) the laser beam The role of nitrogen in the stainless steel cutting process is to eliminate oxidation and blow off the melt. Based on the years of cutting experience, the following nine criteria are summarized, which can be used as a reference for customers. Is the laser beam at the center of the nozzle? The pressure and flow requirements of auxiliary gas are different for materials with different thickness and different materials.